三角螺紋絲杠：三角牙絲杠其牙型類似于三角形頂部為尖狀，是各類簡易螺絲常用的牙型，其加工便當、制作簡略，市場上有較多標準件出售。   （2）梯形螺紋絲杠：梯形螺紋絲杠的牙型為等腰梯形，上窄下寬。加工相對簡略， 可以依據牙的深淺來調理螺母和絲桿的松緊度。表里螺紋以錐面貼緊不易松 動，工藝較好，牙根強度高，對中性好。梯形絲桿的傳動效率大約為26-46%。

Triangle thread screw: Triangle thread screw has a tooth shape similar to the pointed top of a triangle, and is the most commonly used tooth shape for various simple screws. It is easy to process and easy to make, and there are many standard parts available for sale in the market. (2) Trapezoidal thread screw: The tooth shape of the trapezoidal thread screw is isosceles trapezoid, with a narrow top and a wide bottom. The processing is relatively simple, and the tightness of the nut and screw can be adjusted according to the depth of the teeth. The thread inside the watch is tightly attached with a conical surface, which is not easy to loosen. The process is good, the root strength is high, and it is good for neutrality. The transmission efficiency of trapezoidal screw is approximately 26-46%.

（3） 滾珠螺紋絲杠：其絲桿和螺母之間選用滾珠翻滾的方式來進行傳動，可通過 替換滾珠的方式來絲杠和螺母之間的空地。故傳動功率高，精度高，靜 音作用好。現已廣泛的應用于各種自動化設備，機床等。一般環境下已大部 分替代了梯形絲杠，其傳動效率約為90-96%。

(3) Ball screw: The transmission between the screw and the nut is carried out by rolling the ball, and the empty space between the screw and the nut can be eliminated by replacing the ball. Therefore, the transmission power is high, the accuracy is high, and the silencing effect is good. It has been widely used in various automation equipment, machine tools, etc. In general, trapezoidal screws have been mostly replaced, with a transmission efficiency of about 90-96%.

（4） 行星滾柱絲杠：標準行星滾柱絲杠主要由絲杠、滾柱、螺母、直齒、內齒圈、 滾柱保持架和彈簧擋圈等組成，其綜合了行星齒輪傳動、諧波齒輪傳動、滾 珠絲桿、滾針軸承等機構的優點。通過在主絲杠周圍布置若干行星螺紋滾柱, 大幅增加絲杠傳動過程的接觸面和受力面,從而具備了“高承載、率、高 精度、高可靠性”等優點。在絲杠轉速、接觸角與螺旋升角較為理想的狀態 下，行星滾柱絲杠傳動效率可達到90%以上。

(4) Planetary roller screw: The standard planetary roller screw is mainly composed of screw, roller, nut, spur gear, inner ring gear, roller cage, and spring retaining ring, etc. It combines the advantages of planetary gear transmission, harmonic gear transmission, ball screw, needle roller bearing and other mechanisms. By arranging several planetary thread rollers around the main screw, the contact and force surface of the screw transmission process are significantly increased, thus possessing advantages such as high load-bearing capacity, high efficiency, high precision, and high reliability. Under ideal conditions of screw speed, contact angle, and helix angle, the planetary roller screw transmission efficiency can reach over 90%.

其中三角螺紋絲杠與梯形絲杠生產技術相對較為簡單，已基本實現完全國產化。滾 珠絲杠發展起步相對較早，低端滾珠絲杠國產化率已達到相對較高水平。但目前國 內在中高端滾珠絲杠及行星滾柱絲杠的國產化率相對較低，未來發展空間較大。

The production technology of triangular thread screws and trapezoidal screws is relatively simple, and they have basically achieved complete localization. The development of ball screws started relatively early, and the localization rate of low-end ball screws has reached a relatively high level. However, at present, the localization rate of mid to high end ball screws and planetary roller screws in China is relatively low, and there is great potential for future development.

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