絲杠導(dǎo)軌：精密機(jī)械中常用傳動部件

　　Screw guide rail: the most commonly used transmission component in precision machinery

　　滾珠絲杠是將旋轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)動轉(zhuǎn)換成線性運(yùn)動的理想傳動裝置，主要由絲杠軸、螺母、滾珠以及循環(huán)部件組成；導(dǎo)軌副實(shí)現(xiàn)支撐和機(jī)械導(dǎo)向作用，主要由導(dǎo)軌和滑座組成。滾珠絲杠搭配導(dǎo)軌，是精密機(jī)械中常用的傳動部件。

　　Ball screw is an ideal transmission device that converts rotational motion into linear motion, mainly composed of a screw shaft, nut, ball, and circulating components; The guide rail pair provides support and mechanical guidance, mainly composed of guide rails and sliding seats. Ball screws combined with guide rails are the most commonly used transmission components in precision machinery.

　　從市場空間來看，根據(jù)我們測算，2021年國內(nèi)滾珠絲杠&導(dǎo)軌市場空間約128億元。從下游來看，機(jī)床、機(jī)器人自動化&汽車為絲杠導(dǎo)軌主要應(yīng)用下游，其中機(jī)床為絲杠導(dǎo)軌應(yīng)用下游，且對精度要求。直線導(dǎo)軌憑借其較高的精度和穩(wěn)定性，在機(jī)器人&自動化領(lǐng)域被廣泛應(yīng)用。新能源車也是絲杠導(dǎo)軌的重要下游，可用于新能源汽車的車輛轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)、剎車系統(tǒng)、加速踏板等領(lǐng)域。

　　From the perspective of market space, according to our calculations, the domestic market space for ball screws and guide rails in 2021 is approximately 12.8 billion yuan. From a downstream perspective, machine tools, robot automation, and automobiles are the most important downstream applications of screw guides, with machine tools being the largest downstream application of screw guides and requiring the highest precision. Linear guides are widely used in the fields of robotics and automation due to their high precision and stability. New energy vehicles are also an important downstream of screw guides, which can be used in the fields of vehicle steering systems, braking systems, accelerator pedals, etc.

　　2  競爭格局：高端領(lǐng)域被外資壟斷，國產(chǎn)廠商逐步向上滲透

　　2. Competition pattern: High end fields are monopolized by foreign capital, and domestic manufacturers are gradually penetrating upwards

　　從主流廠商來看，絲杠導(dǎo)軌市場分為兩大陣營：1）非大陸廠商包括上銀、銀泰等：特點(diǎn)是成立時間早、經(jīng)驗(yàn)積累豐富，產(chǎn)品定位高端精密絲杠市場；2）大陸廠商包括南京工藝、漢江機(jī)床（秦川子公司）等：特點(diǎn)是起步時間晚，公司規(guī)模小，產(chǎn)品主要為精度較低的絲杠導(dǎo)軌。

　　From the perspective of mainstream manufacturers, the lead screw guide rail market is divided into two camps: 1) non Chinese Mainland manufacturers, including Shangyin and Yintai, are characterized by early establishment, rich experience, and product positioning in the high-end precision lead screw market; 2) Manufacturers in Chinese Mainland include Nanjing Technology, Hanjiang Machine Tool (Qinchuan subsidiary), etc.: it is characterized by a late start, a small company, and its products are mainly screw guides with low accuracy.

　　從競爭格局來看，國內(nèi)絲杠導(dǎo)軌市場基本被以日資、臺資為代表的外企壟斷，兩者市占率合計(jì)達(dá)到65%，主要系國產(chǎn)和外資廠商的綜合競爭力仍有差距，這種差距主要體現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)品初始性能、精度保持性和批量穩(wěn)定生產(chǎn)能力等方面。具體分析差距的成因，主要系國內(nèi)磨床水平較低和淬火等工藝經(jīng)驗(yàn)積累不足。但在專項(xiàng)政策的扶持下，國產(chǎn)頭部廠商例如南京工藝、漢江機(jī)床正加速進(jìn)行產(chǎn)品迭代。

　　From the perspective of competitive landscape, the domestic screw and guide rail market is basically monopolized by foreign enterprises represented by Japanese and Taiwanese companies, with a combined market share of 65%. This is mainly due to the gap in comprehensive competitiveness between domestic and foreign manufacturers, which is mainly reflected in the initial performance, accuracy maintenance, and batch stable production capacity of products. The specific reasons for the gap are mainly due to the low level of domestic grinding machines and insufficient accumulation of experience in quenching and other processes. But with the support of national special policies, leading domestic manufacturers such as Nanjing Craft and Hanjiang Machine Tool are accelerating product iteration.

　　3  行星滾柱絲杠：人形機(jī)器人打開長期成長空間：

　　3 planetary roller screw: humanoid robot opens up long-term growth space:

　　行星滾柱絲杠結(jié)構(gòu)與滾珠絲杠類似，只是傳力元件由滾珠替換為螺旋滾柱，其在承載力、運(yùn)動平穩(wěn)性、轉(zhuǎn)速及加速度等方面更具優(yōu)勢，被廣泛應(yīng)用于航空航天等高精密加工領(lǐng)域。國內(nèi)行星滾柱絲杠行業(yè)起步較晚，國產(chǎn)廠商尚不具備規(guī)模化量產(chǎn)能力，目前市場主要被斯凱孚、舍弗勒等外資企業(yè)所占據(jù)。

　　The structure of planetary roller screw is similar to that of ball screw, except that the force transmission element is replaced by a spiral roller instead of a ball. It has advantages in load-bearing capacity, motion stability, speed and acceleration, and is widely used in high-precision machining fields such as aerospace. The domestic planetary roller screw industry started relatively late, and domestic manufacturers do not yet have the ability to mass produce on a large scale. Currently, the market is mainly occupied by foreign-funded enterprises such as SKF and Schaeffler.

　　特斯拉人形機(jī)器人的12個線性執(zhí)行器采用獨(dú)特的電機(jī)+反向式行星滾柱絲杠的方案，其優(yōu)勢在于能夠自鎖&提供更大的推力，但其難度在于體積小&螺母加工難度較高，目前國產(chǎn)廠商均在加緊研發(fā)過程中。根據(jù)我們測算，2035年人形機(jī)器人用行星滾柱絲杠市場空間可達(dá)930億元，遠(yuǎn)期空間廣闊，將打開滾珠絲杠長期市場空間。

　　The 12 linear actuators of Tesla's humanoid robot adopt a unique motor+reverse planetary roller screw scheme, which has the advantage of self-locking and providing greater thrust, but its difficulty lies in its small size and high nut processing difficulty. Currently, domestic manufacturers are accelerating their research and development process. According to our calculations, the market space for planetary roller screws used in humanoid robots is expected to reach 93 billion yuan by 2035, with vast long-term potential that will open up the long-term market space for ball screws.

　　本文由 導(dǎo)軌絲杠 友情奉獻(xiàn).更多有關(guān)的知識請點(diǎn)擊  http://www.02n93m.cn   真誠的態(tài)度.為您提供為的服務(wù).更多有關(guān)的知識我們將會陸續(xù)向大家奉獻(xiàn).敬請期待.

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